SEJARAH GROBOGAN (PART 2)
Beberapa contoh Sengkalan Memet :
Di atas Panggung Sanggabhuwana yang terletak di halaman dalam istana Kasunanan Surakarta, terdapat bentuk ular naga bersayap yang dinaiki oleh manusia. Bila dibaca berbunyi : Naga Muluk Tinitihan Janma, berangka tahun 1708 Jawa atau 1781 Masehi.
Panggung tersebut dapat pula dibaca : Panggung Luhur Sangga Bhuwana. Artinya: panggung = pa agung bernilai 8; luhur bernilai 0 (nol); Sangga adalah perkumpulan para pendeta Budha bernilai 7 (tujuh); dan bhuwana bernilai 1 (satu), jadi 1708 Jawa atau 1781 Masehi. Atau dapat pula di baca : pa-agung (8); song (9); ga angka Jawa bernilai 1 (satu); bhuwana bernilai 1 (satu). Jadi 1198 Hijrah atau 1781 Masehi. Sengkalan ini sebagai peringatan pembuatan panggung tersebut.
Di dalam wayang kulit purwa terdapat wayang Bathara Guru naik di atas hewan Lembu Nandini. Di baca : Sarira Dwija Dadi Ratu. Bernilai 1478 Saka atau 1556 Masehi, ialah peringatan ketika Sultan Demak membuat wayang kulit purwo sebagai sarana dakwah Islam.
Ketika Sultan Agung membuat wayang kulit purwo, maka dibuatlah wayang kulit Buta Rambut Geni yang merupakan sengkalan pula. Bila dibaca : Jalu Buta Tinata Ing Ratu. Bernilai tahun 1553 Saka atau 1631 Masehi.
Di atas telah disinggung sengkalan Nir Wuk Tanpa Jalu. Sengkalan ini dihubungkan dengan waktu penobatan Aji Saka menjadi raja di Medhang Kamulan setelah dapat mengalahkan Prabu Dewata Cengkar. Bukti sejarah berupa prasasti misalnya, tidak kita temukan. Dari kenyataan sejarah, Tahun 1078 Masehi, pusat kerajaan berada di Jawa Timur sekarang, atau di daerah Manca Nagari zaman kerajaan (daerah Grobogan?), yaitu kerajaan Mendhang dan Kahuripan zaman Mpu Sendok dan Airlangga. Atau dapat juga pada masa Kerajaan Jenggala, Panjalu, Ngurawan dan Singasari, empat sekawan yang berdiri bersama sebagai hasil pembagian wilayah pada masa akhir pemerintahan Raja Airlangga.
Secara geografis, sekarang wilayah Grobogan memang terletak di daerah Propinsi Dati I Jawa Tengah. Namun pada waktu itu negara medhang tidak terletak di Bumi Mataram (Kedu), tetapi di luarnya, yang pendapat umum ditafsirkan di daerah Jawa Timur.
Pada Tahun 1078 M terdapat keturunan raja Airlangga yang berkuasa, yaitu Sri Maharaja Sri Garasakan serta Sri Maharaha Mapanji Alanyung Ahyes. Sudah barang tentu tokoh Aji Saka tidak dapat disamakan dengan masa Airlangga dan sesudahnya berdasarkan data-data sejarah yang ada, tidak terjadi perebutan pengaruh agama, tetapi memang ada gejala perebutan kekuasaan politik. Hal ini dikiaskan dalam cerita Panji Panuluh. Justru perebutan pengaruh di bidang keagamaan terjadi di masa Mataram, yaitu masa Dinasti Sanjaya dan Dinasti Syailendra berbarengan berkuasa di Mataram. Dinasti Sanjaya menganut Agama Hindu, sedang dinasti Syailendra menganut agama Budha Mahayana. Masa perebutan pengaruh itu tampak jelas pada masa Rakai Pikatan (Dinasti Sanjaya) dan Samarottungga Balaputera (Dinasti Syailendra). Taktik yang digunakan oleh Pikatan untuk memperoleh pengaruh yang lebih besar adalah dengan cara : dia kawin dengan salah seorang puteri Syailendra, kakak Balaputera, yaitu Ratu Prarnodhawardani atau Sri Kahulunan. Peperangan antara Rakai Pikatan melawan Balaputera memang terjadi berdasarkan prasasti Ratu Baka (856 M = 778 Saka : Wulong Gunung Sang Wiku). Perang diakhiri dengan kemenangan di pihak Rakai Pikatan (Hindu). Sedang agama Budha (Balaputera) dalam peristiwa tersebut kalah dan menyingkir ke Swarnadwipa (Sumatra) dan menjadi raja Sriwijaya tempat penyebaran agama Budha di Asia Tenggara.
Atas dasar kenyataan sejarah tersebut, maka cerita Aji Saka harus ditafsirkan sebagai ceritera lambang yang sangat kuat mengandung unsur mitologis.
Kita ketahui, bahwa Sengkalan Nir Wuk Tanpa Jalu, arti harafiahnya adalah Hilang Rusak Tanpa Susuh (ayam jantan) atau Hilang Rusak Tanpa Kekuatan Laki-Laki. Maksudnya negara atau masyarakat kacau tanpa kekuatan laki-laki. Maksudnya negara atau masyarakat kacau tanpa kekuatan, karena tenaga laki-laki “dimakan” oleh Dewata Cengkar, sebagai kias bagi mereka yang diperkerjakan untuk membangun bangunan suci berupa candi-candi yang tidak sedikit jumlahnya. Misalnya: candi Borobudur, Pawon, mendhut, Sari, Kalasan, Sewu, Ratu Baka, dll. Inilah gambaran masa akhir bagi kerajaan Medhang di bhumi Mataram!
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